Tajweed Notes for brothers up till now

Major Errors which are Haram
- expand/reduce a word
- making mistake in the mukharij (pronunciation)
-1 letter can make a huge difference
-change/add a haracha (zebr,zer,pash)

Closet to the mouth is called Adna Hlak
- the 2 letters that are read from there are the Qaaf and Ghayn
Middle of the throat is called West-E-Hlak
- the 2 letters read from there are Ha and Ayn
Bottom of the throat is called Aqsa Halak

Ghunna
-Noon or Meem
-Hold it for 2 harakah

Mad:to extend
There are 3 different types of Mads
The first one is Mad-E-Asli
- If there is a zabar/fatha before Alif sakin, then you must extend for 2 harakah
- If there is a zer before a Ya sakin, then you must extend for 2 harakah
- If there is a pash/dommah before a Waaw sakin, then you must extend for 2 harakah
The second one is Mad-Aarid-Le-Skoon
- If Mad-E-Asli then any letter sakh at the end of ayah, then this is called Mad-Aarid-Le-Skoon
- You can hold this Mad for 2,4,or 6 harakah but its recommended to hold for 6
The third one is Mad-E-Leen
- If there is a fatah before a waaw sakin then you must extend the waaw to 2-4-6 harakah
- If there is a fatah before a Ya sakain then you must extend the Ya to 2-4-6 harakah
- However its recommended to extend the Mad-E-Leen harakah to 2

Isti’l-a
- Is that quality when pronounced the major portion of the tongue from the back will rise towards the palate
- There are 7 letters of Isti’l-a which are:
o Kha
o Saad
o Dhaad
o Ghayn
o Ta
o Za
o Qaaf
- The letters are called Musta’liyah
- Pronounce this letters with a full mouth

Istifaal
- Is that quality when pronounced major portion of the tongue from the back will not rise towards the palate..ex. Daal
- Letters of Istifaal are known as mustafilah
- Besides the letters of musta’liyah, the rest are the letters of mustafliah